Composite jointed lever for the transmission of movement



July 29, 1930. G, H L-B 1,771,564

COMPOSITE JOINTED LEVER FOR THE TRANSMISSION OF MOVEMENT Filed July 19, 1928 Patented July 29, 1930 UNITED STATES GUSTAV HALBOW, OF BERGEN, GERMANY COMPOSITE JOIN'IED LEVER FOR THE TRANSMISSION OF MOVEMENT Application filed. July 18, 192$,Seria1 No. 294,036, and in Germany July 22, 1927.

This invention relates to a pivotal combination of composite levers for the purpose of multiplying or diminishing the amplitude of a movement imparted to the lever. Accordingly it is suitable for general use in machine construction, wherever the types of transmission hitherto customary by means of toothed wheels or simple levers cannot be advantageously employed. 1

One constructional form of the invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings in a form suitable for the propulsion of a rowing boat. v

In these drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation of the apparatus, 7

Figure 2 a plan thereof showing one of pair of the devices in question, and

Figure 3 a diagrammatic general view showing in elevation the outline of the boat.

On both sides of the boat, in the interior thereof, in slots in an angle bar 1- secured to the edge of the boat and to the frames or.

timbers thereof, are adj ustably pivoted levers 2. 3, which are rotatable about their lower ends and are adjustable in height. In each pair of levers 2, 3, the upper ends are nearer to one another than the lower ends, and the upperends are pivotally connected with one another on one side by a T-shaped headpiece l ofa rowing lever 5 and on the other side by a cover plate 6. The rowing lever 5 has atthe lower e'nda rockable blade 7, which in bothits end positions strikes with a lever 8 against the rowing lever 5. On the cover plate '6 a sliding member 9 can be adjusted and clamped in position by means of a slot and pin, and on this sliding member is located a handle 10 for actuating the device. If a number ofthese devices are arranged one behind the other on the boat they will all be pivotally connected with one another on the same'si de of the boat by a common rod 11.

To equip a boat one of the devices fitted on each side of the rower tothe sides of the boat, the arrangement of the parts being such that one represents a mirror image of the other. The driving of a boat thus equipped is efiected ina manner similar to that of an ordinary rowing boat, only the path of the pairs of levers 2, 3 is subjected to constraint and can therefore be executed by simply re- 1 ciprocating the handles 10. vVhen the rower.

' draws the levers 2, 3 towards him, a differential movement of the two levers inrelation to one another takes place,'a rocking movement being imparted to the rowing lever 5, the distinctive feature of which consists in the fact that the path of the blades is exactly rectilinear in the larger and central part, and forms short curves at the beginning and end 6, only. During this movement the blade 7, under the action of the pressure of thewater, by the lever 8 bearing againstthe rowing lever 5, is kept in a vertical working position,

so that a forward movement of the boat takes place in the direction in which the rower is looking. When the levers 2 and 3 are pushed back the blade 7 is raised by the counterpressure of the water into a horizontal position and slips easily over the surface of the water as indicated at the left-hand end of Figural. If the direction of travel of the boat is to be reversed, then a short backward counter-movement is executed with the hands while the blade 7 is raised out of the water at the end of their rowing movement as shown to the left of Fig. 1, the blades turning round about their pivots through almost a complete revolution clockwise and the levers Snow bearing against the other 3Q side of the rowing levers 5. As a result of this the blades come into action in the reverse manner i. e. when the levers 2 and 3 are being pushed back, and the boat moves backwards.

The advantages of theinvention described .3 above as compared with known devices consist in the fact that theboat moves as a rule in the direction in which the rowers are looking, and that the breadth of the space required by the boat when travelling is con- 9 siderably less than in the case of a similar boat with oar blades'projecting a considerable distance sideways, so that in regattas in rivers twice as many boats can start. Furthermore the muscular force is better utilized and therefore the useful effect is much greater than in the case of ordinary rowing, and finally, owing to the mechanization thereof, special teaching for boating purposes is superfluous and boating is thereby facilitated.-

By altering the distance between the bearings at the lower ends of the levers 2 and 3, or by fitting levers 2 and 8 of a different length, the stroke of the rowing lever 5 or of the handle 10, and therefore the force received or delivered, can be altered. Moreover by sliding the handle l0 up or down a similar influence can be exerted upon the device.

What I claim is 1. A composite jointed lever mechanism for the transmission of motion comprising two levers pivotally mounted at their adjacent ends for oscillation substantiallyin the same plane, the two levers being somewhat nearer together at one end than at the other, a T-shaped head piece pivotally connected to the free ends of both the levers, the distance between the pivotal connections being different from the distance between the fulcrums of the levers, and an arm rigidly secured to the T-shaped head piece.

2. A composite jointed lever mechanism for the transmission of motion comprising two approximately upright levers fulcrumed at their lower ends, the two levers being somewhat nearer togetherat one end than at the other, a T-shaped head piece pi'votally connected to the upper ends of both the levers, the distance between the pivotal connections being different from the distance between the fulcrums of the levers, and an arm rigidly secured to the T-shaped head piece.

3. A composite jointed lever mechanism for the transmission of motion comprising two approximately upright levers fulcrumed at their lower ends, the two levers being somewhat nearer together at one end than at the other, means for oscillating said levers, a T-shaped head piece pivotally connected to the upper ends of both the levers, the distance between the pivotal connections being different from the distance between the fulcrums of the levers, and an arm rigidly secured to the T-shaped head piece. I

4. A compositejointed lever mechanism for the propulsion of rowingboats, comprising two approximately upright levers fulcrumed at their lower ends, the two levers being somewhat nearer together at one end than at the other, means for oscillating said levers, a. T-shaped head piecepivotally' connected to the upper ends of both the levers, the distance between the pivotal connections being different from the distance between the fulcrums of thelevers, a rowing arm rigidly secured tothei T-sha-p'ed head-piece and extending downwards therefrom, and an oar blade carried by the lower end of said rowing arm. I

5. Apparatus for the propulsion of rowing boats, consisting of a'plurality of composite jointed lever mechanisms, each comprising two approximately upright levers fulcrumed at'theirlower ends, the two levers being some;

what nearer together at one end than at the other, means for oscillating said levers, a T-shaped head piece pivotally connected to the upper ends of both the levers, the distance between the pivotal connections being diilerent from the distance between the fulcrums of the levers, a rowing arm rigidly secured'to the T-shaped head-piece and extending downwards therefrom, and an oar blade carried by the lower end of said rowing arm.

6. A composite jointed lever mechanism for the propulsion of rowing boats, comprising two approximately upright levers fulcrumed at their lower ends, the two leversvbeing somewhat nearer together at one end than at the other, means for oscillating said levers, a T-shaped head piece pivotally connected to the upper ends of both the levers, the distance between the pivotal connections being different from the distance between the fulcrums of the levers, a rowing arm rigidly secured to the T-shaped head piece, and we tending downwards therefrom, and an oar blade hinged to the lower end of said rowing arm.

7. Apparatus for the propulsion of rowing boat-s, consisting of a plurality of composits jointed lever mechanisms, each com prising two approximately upright levers fulcrumed at their lower ends, the two levers being somewhat nearer together at one end than at the other, means for oscillating said levers, a T-shaped head piece pivotally connected to the upper ends of both the levers, the distance between the pivotal connections being different from the distance between the :tulcrums of the levers, a rowing arm rigidly secured to the T-shaped head-piece and extending downwardstherefrom, and an oar blade hinged to the lower end of said rowing arm.

8. A composite-jointed lever mechanism for the propulsion of rowing boats, comprising two approximately upright levers fulcrumed at their lower ends, the two levers being somewhat nearer together at one end than at the other, a plate pivotally connected to the upper ends of the levers on the inner side, said plate being formed with a slot, a handle slidably mounted in the slot, means for clamping the handle in any convenient position in the slot, a T-shaped head piece pivotally connected to the upper ends of both the levers, the distance'between the pivotal connections being different from the distance between the fulcrums of the levers, a rowing arm rigidly secured to theT-shaped headpiece and extending downwards therefrom, and an oar blade hinged to the lower end of said rowing arm. v 7

9. Apparatus for the propulsion of rowing boats, consisting of a plurality of composite jointed lever mechanisms, ieach comprising two approximately upright levers fulcrumed at their lower ends, the two levers being somewhat nearer together at one end than at the other, a plate pivotally connected to the upper ends of the levers on the inner side, said plate being formed with a slot, a handle slidably mounted in the" slot, means for clamping the handle in any convenient position in the slot, a T-shaped head piece pivotally connected to the upper ends of both the levers, the distance betweenthe pivotal connections being diflferentfrom the distance between the fulcrums of the levers, a rowing arm rigidly secured to the T-shaped headpiece and extending downwards therefrom, and an oar blade'hinged to the lower end of said rowing arm.

10. A composite jointed lever mechanism for the propulsion of rowing boats, comprising two approximately upright levers fulcrumed at their lower ends, the two levers being somewhat nearer together at one end than at the other, means for oscillating said levers, a T-shaped head piece pivotally connected to the upper ends of both the levers,

the distance between the pivotal connections being different from the distance between the tulcrums of the levers, a rowing arm rigidly secured to the T-shaped head-piece and extending downwards therefrom, an oar blade carried by the lower end of said rowing arm, a hinge connecting the oar blade to the rowing arm, an upward extension of the oar blade beyond its hinge, and an abutment on the rowing arm adapted to co-act with said upward extension to limit the rocking movement of its hinge, so that its upward extension can come into contact with either side of the abutment at will.

11. Apparatus for the propulsion of rowing boats, consisting of a plurality of composite jointed lever mechanisms, each comprising two approximately upright levers fulcrumed at their lower ends, the two levers being somewhat nearer together at one end than at the other, means for oscillating said levers, a T-shaped head piece pivotally connected to the upper ends of both the levers, the distance between the pivotal connections being different from the distance between the fulcrums of the levers, a rowing arm rigidly secured to the T-shaped head-piece and extending downwards therefrom, an oar blade carried by the lower end of said rowing arm, a hinge connecting the oar blade to the rowin arm, an upward extension of the car blade beyond its hinge, and an abutment on the rowing arm adapted to co-act with said upward extension to limit the rocking movement of the oar blade about its hinge, so that its upward extension can come into contact with either side of the abutment at will.

12. Apparatus for the propulsion of rowing boats, consisting of a plurality of composite jointed lever mechanisms, each comprising two approximately upright levers the lever mechanisms on the fulcrumed at their. lower ends, thetwo levers "being somewhatnearer together at one end nected to the upper ends of both the levers,

the distance between the pivotal connections being different from the distance between the fulcrums of the levers, a rowing arm rigidly secured to "the T-shaped head-piece and extending downwardstherefrom, and an oar blade carried by the lower end of said rowing arm, and of twoconnecting rods, one pivoted to all the; lever mechanisms on one side of the boat and the other pivoted to all other side of the boat. i i

13. Apparatus for the propulsion of rowing'boats, consisting of a plurality of composite jointed leverv mechanisms, each comprising two approximately upright levers tulcrumed at their lower ends,,the two levers being somewhat nearer together at one end than at-the other, a plate pivotally connected to the upper ends of the levers on the inner side, said plate being formed with a slot, a

handle slidably mounted in the slot, means for clamping the handle inany convenient position in the slot,'a T-shaped head piece pivotally connected to the upper ends of both the levers, the distance between the pivotal connections being different from the distance between the fulcrums of the levers, a rowingarm rigidly secured to the T-shaped head-piece and extending downwards there from, and an oar blade hinged to the lower end of said rowing arm, and of two connect-- ing rods, one pivoted to all the lever mechanisms on one sideof the boat and the other pivoted to all the lever mechanisms on the other side of the boat. 1

14. Apparatus for the propulsion of rowing boats, consisting of a plurality of composite jointed lever mechanisms, each comprising two approximately upright levers fulcrumed at their lower ends, the two levers being somewhat nearer together atone end than at theother, means for oscillating said levers, a T-shaped head piece pivotally connected to the upper ends of both the levers, the distance between the pivotal connections being different from the distance between the fulcrums of the levers, a rowing arm rigidly secured to the T-shaped head-piece and extending downwards therefrom, an oar blade carried by the lower end of said rowing arm, a hinge connecting the oar blade to the rowing arm, an upward extension of the oar blade beyond its hinge, and an abutment on the rowing arm adapted to co-act with said upward extension to limit the rocking movement of the oar blade about its hinge, so that its upward extension can come into contact with either side of the abutment at will, and of two connecting rods, one

pivoted to all the lever mechanisms on one side of the boat and the other pivoted to all the lever mechanisms on the other side of the boat.

15. Apparatus for the propulsion of rowing boats, consistlng oi: a plurality of com-' posite 'jointed lever mechanisms, each comprising two approximately upright levers fulcrumed at their lower ends, the two levers being somewhat nearer together at one end than at the other, a plate pivotally connected to the upper ends of the levers onthe inner side, said'plate being formed with a slot, a

handle slidably mounted in the slot, means for clamping the handle in any convenient position in the slot, a T-shaped head piece pivotally connected to the upper ends of both the levers, the distance between the pivotal connections being diflerent from the distance between the fulcrums of the levers, a rowing arm rigidly secured to the T-shaped headpiece and extending downwards therefrom,

an oar blade carried by the lower end of said rowing arm, a hinge connecting the oar blade to the rowing arm, an upward extension of the oar blade beyond its hinge, and an abut ment on the rowing arm adapted to co-act with said'upward extension to limit the rock ing movement of the oar blade about its hinge, so that its upward extension can come into contact with either side of the abutment at will, and of two connecting rods, one pivoted to all the lever mechanisms on one side of the boat and the other pivoted to all the lever mechanisms on the other side of the boat.

' In, testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

' GUSTAV HALBOW. 

